Rosalia alpina

Alpine rosalia is an omnivorous animal that is found in deciduous trees, preferring mainly Beech / Fagus sylvatica / and Birch / Betula pendula /, but also Hornbeam / Carpinus betulus /, Linden / Tilia spp./, Chestnut / Castanea sativa / et al.

The body is elongated and flat, slightly curved, covered with thick blue hairs. On either side of the head are a pair of antennae that are longer than the body itself. The antenna members have thickened and hairy edges. The head is relatively large. Most of the body is bluish to greenish, with three rows of black transverse stripes on the back.

Found in Europe, Crimea, Caucasus, Palestine and Syria. It lives mainly in old beech forests at an altitude of 500 - 1000 m.

Lucanus cervus

Males are also distinguished by their characteristic jaws, resembling horns, hence the name of the species. In females the jaws are normal - significantly shorter.

The female lays her eggs in rotting wood, which feeds on the later dirty-white larvae.

Occurs mainly in Western Asia, Central and Eastern Europe. Inhabits mostly humid places, up to half a meter underground with rotting roots and logs. It is also found in rotting wooden buildings.

Cerambyx cerdo

The body is thin and elongated. The antennae are very long, in males they are longer than the body (sometimes twice the length of the body), and in females they have the length of the elytra (wings). The body and legs are brownish black.

Ordinary felling prefers sun-drenched, diseased or dying old oaks. The female lays up to 100 eggs on the bark of trees. After 10-15 days, larvae hatch from them, which in the first year make moves on the bark, and in the next 2 to 3 years they dig into the wood and make long moves, filling them with brown sawdust. They pupate in the carved passages, and the imago (adult) comes out in August, but does not leave its galleries until May-June next year. Infested trees cannot be used as wood for industrial purposes, but only as firewood.

Distributed in Central and Southern Europe, southern Sweden, North Africa and Asia Minor.

Morimus funereus

It is called beech felling because it inhabits dead wood in beech (Fagus spp.) and oak forests (Quercus spp.). Its color has a protective function, resembling the patterns of the bark of Beech, on which it is often found. The color of the body is gray-blue with four black spots on the elytra. The male has longer antennae than the body itself.

The life cycle lasts 3-4 years, and older individuals appear in April - August.

It cannot fly, it only crawls and the places where it can be found are strictly localized. These are usually places inside forest ecosystems. It is omnivorous and a nocturnal animal.

Distributed in Central and Southeastern Europe. It is found all over Bulgaria.

Unio crassus

The pearl mussel is an oval river mussel with a very dark shell, almost black, sometimes with greenish stripes and short.

Occurs in clean rivers (preferably their middle sections) and slow-flowing waters and lakes. Young people are extremely sensitive to all kinds of water pollution and need high oxygen content. Adults cannot breed in running waters containing nitrates. Life expectancy is 20-30 years.

Gill parasite of some fish, hosts are Cottus gobio, Phoxinus phoxinus, Leuciscus cephalus and others. Different populations may have different host fish, sometimes only some local fish populations can serve as hosts.

Distributed in Austria, Azerbaijan, Albania, Armenia, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Germany, Georgia, Greece, Denmark, the European part of Russia, Estonia, Iraq, Iran, etc.

Austropotamobius torrentium

Crab cancer, also called streak or stone cancer, is a European type of freshwater cancer. It feeds on small invertebrates, vegetation and organic debris. Inhabits streams, creeks, upper rivers and dams in mountainous areas.

Current cancer breeds from September to June. The female lays up to 190 fertilized eggs attached to her abdomen.

Occurs mainly in southern Bulgaria. Apart from Bulgaria, it is distributed in Northern Macedonia, Serbia, Hungary, Romania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia, Austria, Slovakia, Switzerland, Southern Germany, Russia and the European part of Turkey.

Paracaloptenus caloptenoides

The common paracaloptenus inhabits particularly stony or sandy, dry habitats (slopes, lawns, etc.). Its habitats are mostly between 800 and 1600 m above sea level. The species is endangered due to the destruction of its habitats.

Meeting in Southeast Europe from Central Greece to Eastern Austria, Slovakia and the Black Sea.

Lycaena dispar

Licena is a species that is declining across Europe. The main habitat of this butterfly is drained for agricultural and other terrestrial use, which limits their habitat. The species prefers undisturbed pastures on the banks of rivers and streams, where its food plant for larvae, the Great Water Dock (R. hydrolapathum), can be found.

Agricultural disturbances through agriculture, mainly mowing grass and other greenery, have a negative impact on Licena populations, so mowing shortly after laying eggs will lead to catastrophic losses due to the destruction of eggs and newly hatched larvae of host plants. for food.

The species is distributed in Austria, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Georgia, Greece, Estonia, Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Moldova, Mongolia, the Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Serbia, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, Hungary, Finland, France, Montenegro, the Czech Republic and Switzerland.